Cisco Certifications Tutorials

Google
23 http:\\ciscocertifications.info The following commands can be used to monitor you IP information: show ip protocol show ip route show ip interface *Keypoints: IP routing is enabled by default on the Cisco routers. Enable IP on an interface by assigning an IP address to that interface as demonstrated above. Know how to configure an IP static route. You can display an interface IP address by issuing the "show ip interface" command. Know which IP addresses can be used for. Configuring IP addresses To configure an IP address you have to enter the following command at the interface config prompt: Router(config-if)# ip address <IP address> <subnet mask> Verifying IP addresses IP addresses can be verified by either using Telnet, ping, or trace. Telnet Verifies the application-layer software between source and destination stations. This is the most com- plete test mechanism available. Ping Uses the ICMP protocol to verify the hardware connection at the logical address of the network layer. Trace Uses Time-To-Live (TTL) values to generate messages from each router used along the path. This is very powerful in its ability to locate failures in the path from the source to the destination. *Keypoints: Ping, Telnet and Trace can all be used to verify network connectivity. This is accomplished by typ- ing the command followed by the complete IP address or host name. Ping operates at the network layer. Know that the ping command uses the echo request/echo reply as its most common request/reply pair. You can use the ping command in the USER and Privileged modes. TCP/IP transport layer protocols TCP/IP uses the DOD Model which is: Process Application - Maps to Application, Presentation, Session Host to Host - Maps to Transport Internet - Maps to Network Network Access - Maps to Data Link and Physical TCP/IP Transport Layer (OSI) or Host to Host (DOD) protocols uses TCP and UDP. Transmission Control Protocol TCP is a connection oriented transport layer protocol with built in reliability. Takes large blocks of data and breaks it down into segments. It numbers and sequences each segment so the destination's TCP protocol can re-assemble back into the original order. TCP uses acknowledgement via sliding windows. Has a large overhead due to built in error checking. This protocol uses Port 6.